A supracondylar fracture is a type of fracture that occurs in the distal humerus, just above the elbow joint.

It is one of the most common types of fractures in children and usually results from a fall onto an outstretched hand with an extended arm.

Supracondylar fractures are often seen in children between 5 and 10.

These fractures can be classified into different types based on the displacement and angulation of the fractured bone fragments.

Treatment typically involves immobilization with a cast or splint, and in some cases, surgery may be required to realign the bones and stabilize the fracture.

Supracondylar fractures can be classified into different types based on the displacement and angulation of the fractured bone fragments.

The most commonly used classification system is the Gartland classification, which includes the following types:

1. Type I: This is a non-displaced fracture, where the bone remains in its normal position.

2. Type II: This is the most common type and involves a fracture with some displacement, where the bone fragments are partially separated but still in contact with each other.

3. Type III: This is a completely displaced fracture, where the bone fragments are completely separated and no longer in contact with each other.

It’s important to note that the classification of supracondylar fractures may vary slightly depending on the source and the specific classification system used.

The classification helps in determining the severity of the fracture and guides the treatment approach.

Treating supracondylar fractures depends on the severity of the fracture and the degree of displacement.

The main goals of treatment are to realign the fractured bones, maintain proper alignment during healing, and restore normal function of the elbow joint.

Treatment options include:

• 1. Closed reduction and casting: This is the initial treatment for non-displaced or minimally displaced fractures.

The doctor will manually manipulate the bones back into their proper position (closed reduction) and then immobilize the arm with a cast or splint to allow the fracture to heal.

• 2. Closed reduction and percutaneous pinning: For displaced fractures that cannot be adequately realigned with closed reduction alone, percutaneous pinning may be performed.

This involves placing metal pins through the skin and into the bone fragments to stabilize the fracture and maintain alignment.

The pins are usually removed after a few weeks.

• 3. Open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF): In more severe or complex fractures, open reduction and internal fixation may be necessary.

This involves making an incision to visualize and realign the fractured bones directly.

The fragments are then held together with screws, plates, or wires to stabilize the fracture.

The choice of treatment depends on various factors, including the patient’s age, the fracture’s severity, the degree of displacement, and the presence of any associated injuries.

It is important to consult with an orthopedic specialist who can evaluate the fracture and recommend the most appropriate treatment option for each individual case.