Approximately 18.6 million people worldwide have diabetic foot ulcers

These ulcers lead to amputation of the lower extremities in 80% of cases.

Neurological, vascular, and biomechanical factors contribute to diabetic foot ulcers

Approximately 50% to 60% of ulcers develop sepsis,

and about 20% of moderate to severe ulcers lead to amputations of the lower extremities.

The death rate reaches 5 years.

Because of lower socioeconomic status, patients have higher rates of diabetic foot ulcers.

Foot ischemia and infection contribute to injury risk. Diseases that threaten the extremities.

Treatments reduce the risk of developing an ulcer compared to standard care, such as relieving shoe pressure,

draining pus at hot spots, and treating signs of a pre-form ulcer.

Surgical debridement to reduce necrotic tissue around the ulcer and treat lower extremity ischemia and sepsis is the first line of treatment for diabetic foot ulcers, accelerating recovery.

Wound healing

and oral antibiotics are guided by patient education to prevent progression to localized osteomyelitis.

Follow-up care must be multidisciplinary, usually consisting of podiatrists, orthopedic surgeons,

infectious disease specialists, and vascular surgeons, in close collaboration with specialist nurses.

This is associated with lower rates of major amputations compared to modest care.

Approximately 30% to 40% of diabetic foot ulcers heal by week 12,

and the recurrence rate after healing is estimated to be 42% in the first year and 65% in the following 5 years.

Conclusions and significance: Diabetic foot ulcers affect approximately 18.6 million people worldwide each year and are associated with increased rates of amputation and death.

Surgical debridement,

weight-bearing decompression,

lower extremity ischemia and foot infection treatment,

and early referral for multidisciplinary care are important first-line treatments for diabetic foot ulcers.